Citation: Yueying Wang, Jianming Xiong, Linwei Xin, Yuanyuan Li, He Huang, Wenjun Miao. Photosensitizer-synergized g-carbon nitride nanosheets with enhanced photocatalytic activity for eradicating drug-resistant bacteria and promoting wound healing[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2025, 36(4): 110003. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110003 shu

Photosensitizer-synergized g-carbon nitride nanosheets with enhanced photocatalytic activity for eradicating drug-resistant bacteria and promoting wound healing

Yueying Wang ^{a, 1} ,
Jianming Xiong ^{b, 1} ,
Linwei Xin ^a ,
Yuanyuan Li ^{c, *,} ,
He Huang ^{d, *,} ,
Wenjun Miao ^{b, e, *,}

a.
College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
b.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
c.
School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
d.
School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
e.
State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China

liyuanyuan@hainmc.edu.cn

huangh@njnu.edu.cn

miaowj@njtech.edu.cn

Received Date: 14 March 2024
Revised Date: 6 May 2024
Accepted Date: 11 May 2024
Available Online: 12 May 2024

Figures(5)

The rapid emergence of drug-resistant bacterial strains undermines the efficacy of conventional antibiotics, necessitating the development of alternative therapies. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising approach, but its effectiveness is often limited by the suboptimal photocatalytic activity of photosensitizers. In this study, we introduce a novel photoresponsive carbon-based antibacterial agent, Ce6/g-C₃N₄, which combines the photocatalytic properties of graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) with the photodynamic attributes of chlorin e6 (Ce6). This agent, with an average particle size of 250.7 nm, demonstrates significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity. Additionally, the strong affinity of Ce6/g-C₃N₄ for bacteria and efficient delivery of Ce6 result in an inhibition rate exceeding 99% against Gram-positive bacteria and excellent biofilm eradication under light irradiation. In vivo experiments reveal that Ce6/g-C₃N₄ effectively inhibits bacterial growth on wounds, and promotes wound healing post-light treatment, while maintaining good biocompatibility. Overall, the Ce6/g-C₃N₄ antibacterial agent synergizes photodynamic and photocatalytic mechanisms, offering a new avenue for the photo-mediated, multi-strategic treatment of bacterial infections and wound healing.
- Graphitic carbon nitride,
- Photosensitizer,
- Photocatalytic,
- Antibacterial,
- Photodynamic therapy
1. [1]
  J. Zeng, Z. Li, H. Jiang, X. Wang, Mater. Horiz. 8 (2021) 2964–3008. doi: 10.1039/d1mh00773d
2. [2]
  M. Klausen, M. Ucuncu, M. Bradley, Molecules 25 (2020) 5239. doi: 10.3390/molecules25225239
3. [3]
  T. Dougherty, C. Gomer, B. Henderson, et al., J. Natl. Cancer I. 90 (1998) 889–905. doi: 10.1093/jnci/90.12.889
4. [4]
  D. Dolmans, D. Fukumura, R. Jain, Nat. Rev. Cancer 3 (2003) 380–387. doi: 10.1038/nrc1071
5. [5]
  M. Broekgaarden, R. Weijer, T.M. Gulik, et al., Cancer Metast Rev. 34 (2015) 643–690. doi: 10.1007/s10555-015-9588-7
6. [6]
  Y. Liu, X. Meng, W. Bu, Coordin. Chem. Rev. 379 (2019) 82–98. doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.09.006
7. [7]
  R. Huang, J. Wu, M. Zhang, et al., Mater. Des. 210 (2021) 110040. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2021.110040
8. [8]
  Y. Zhang, A. Thomas, M. Antonietti, X. Wang, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131 (2009) 50–51. doi: 10.1021/ja808329f
9. [9]
  S. Yang, Y. Gong, J. Zhang, et al., Adv. Mater. 25 (2013) 2452–2456. doi: 10.1002/adma.201204453
10. [10]
  U.S. Malik, Q. Duan, M.B.K. Niazi, et al., Chin. Chem. Lett. 34 (2023) 108071. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108071
11. [11]
  Y. Li, S. Zhu, Y. Liang, et al., Mater. Des. 196 (2020) 109191. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2020.109191
12. [12]
  X. Guo, J. Duan, W. Wang, et al., Fuel 280 (2020) 118543. doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2020.118543
13. [13]
  Y. Xing, X. Wang, S. Hao, et al., Chin. Chem. Lett. 32 (2021) 13–20. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.11.011
14. [14]
  C. Liu, W. Wang, W. Hu, et al., J. Phys. Chem. Solid. 180 (2023) 111728.
15. [15]
  X. Hou, L. Cui, H. Du, et al., Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 278 (2020) 119253. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2020.119253
16. [16]
  L. Zhang, J. Liao, Y. Li, W. Sun, C. Ge, Chin. Chem. Lett. 35 (2024) 108568. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108568
17. [17]
  Z. Fan, Y. Liu, X. Guo, Z. Jin, Int. J. Hydrog. Energ. 48 (2023) 19137–19152.
18. [18]
  Y. Gu, H. Feng, J. Zhao, et al., Chem. Eng. J. 476 (2023) 141645.
19. [19]
  Z. Tong, D. Yang, Z. Li, et al., ACS Nano 11 (2017) 1103–1112. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.6b08251
20. [20]
  S. Kang, L. Chen, S. Song, L. Yu, P. Zhang, Appl. Surface Sci. 258 (2012) 6029–6033.
21. [21]
  J. Xu, Y. Li, S. Peng, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 40 (2015) 353–362.
22. [22]
  H. Dang, G. Tan, W. Yang, et al., J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. E. 78 (2017) 185–194.
23. [23]
  S. Cao, J. Yu, Phys. Chem. Lett. 5 (2014) 2101–2107. doi: 10.1021/jz500546b
24. [24]
  S. Min, G. Lu, Phys. Chem. C 116 (2012) 19644–19652. doi: 10.1021/jp304022f
25. [25]
  S. Wu, C. Chen, W. Zhang. Chin. Chem. Lett. 25 (2014) 1247–1251. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2014.05.017
26. [26]
  P. Li, G. Zhou, X. Zhu, et al., Photodiagn. Photodyn. 9 (2012) 76–82.
27. [27]
  Z. He, Z. Mo, J. Fu, et al., J. Alloy. Compd. 904 (2022) 163788.
28. [28]
  K. Zhang, L. Wang, X. Sheng, et al., Adv. Energy. Mater. 6 (2016) 1502352.
29. [29]
  J. Fu, K. Liu, K. Jiang, et al., Adv. Sci. 6 (2019) 1900796.
30. [30]
  R. Zhang, Y. Li, M. Zhou, et al., ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 11 (2019) 26711–26721. doi: 10.1021/acsami.9b09020
31. [31]
  Z. Durmus, A.W. Maijenburg, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 47 (2022) 36784–36813.
32. [32]
  Y. Chen, M. Cheng, C. Lai, et al., Small 19 (2023) 2205902.
33. [33]
  W. Bing, Z. Chen, H. Sun, et al., Nano Res. 8 (2015) 1648–1658. doi: 10.1007/s12274-014-0654-1
1. [1]
  Qihang Wu , Hui Wen , Wenhai Lin , Tingting Sun , Zhigang Xie . Alkyl chain engineering of boron dipyrromethenes for efficient photodynamic antibacterial treatment. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(12): 109692-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109692
2. [2]
  Du Liu , Yuyan Li , Hankun Zhang , Benhua Wang , Chaoyi Yao , Minhuan Lan , Zhanhong Yang , Xiangzhi Song . Three-in-one erlotinib-modified NIR photosensitizer for fluorescence imaging and synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(2): 109910-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109910
3. [3]
  Liang Ma , Zhou Li , Zhiqiang Jiang , Xiaofeng Wu , Shixin Chang , Sónia A. C. Carabineiro , Kangle Lv . Effect of precursors on the structure and photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4 for NO oxidation and CO2 reduction. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry, 2024, 43(11): 100416-100416. doi: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2024.100416
4. [4]
  Feng Cui , Fangman Chen , Xiaochun Xie , Chenyang Guo , Kai Xiao , Ziping Wu , Yinglu Chen , Junna Lu , Feixia Ruan , Chuanxu Cheng , Chao Yang , Dan Shao . Scalable production of mesoporous titanium nanoparticles through sequential flash nanocomplexation. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 108681-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108681
5. [5]
  Zhe Li , Ping-Zhao Liang , Li Xu , Fei-Yu Yang , Tian-Bing Ren , Lin Yuan , Xia Yin , Xiao-Bing Zhang . Three positive charge nonapoptotic-induced photosensitizer with excellent water solubility for tumor therapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(8): 109190-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109190
6. [6]
  Kai Han , Guohui Dong , Ishaaq Saeed , Tingting Dong , Chenyang Xiao . Morphology and photocatalytic tetracycline degradation of g-C3N4 optimized by the coal gangue. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry, 2024, 43(2): 100208-100208. doi: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2023.100208
7. [7]
  Chao-Long Chen , Rong Chen , La-Sheng Long , Lan-Sun Zheng , Xiang-Jian Kong . Anchoring heterometallic cluster on P-doped carbon nitride for efficient photocatalytic nitrogen fixation in water and air ambient. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 108795-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108795
8. [8]
  Wei Su , Xiaoyan Luo , Peiyuan Li , Ying Zhang , Chenxiang Lin , Kang Wang , Jianzhuang Jiang . Phthalocyanine self-assembled nanoparticles for type Ⅰ photodynamic antibacterial therapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(12): 109522-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109522
9. [9]
  Yiling Li , Zekun Gao , Xiuxiu Yue , Minhuan Lan , Xiuli Zheng , Benhua Wang , Shuang Zhao , Xiangzhi Song . FRET-based two-photon benzo[a] phenothiazinium photosensitizer for fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(7): 109133-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109133
10. [10]
  Hao Cai , Xiaoyan Wu , Lei Jiang , Feng Yu , Yuxiang Yang , Yan Li , Xian Zhang , Jian Liu , Zijian Li , Hong Bi . Lysosome-targeted carbon dots with a light-controlled nitric oxide releasing property for enhanced photodynamic therapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 108946-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108946
11. [11]
  Yuhao Ma , Yufei Zhou , Mingchuan Yu , Cheng Fang , Shaoxia Yang , Junfeng Niu . Covalently bonded ternary photocatalyst comprising MoSe₂/black phosphorus nanosheet/graphitic carbon nitride for efficient moxifloxacin degradation. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(9): 109453-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109453
12. [12]
  Haijun Shen , Yi Qiao , Chun Zhang , Yane Ma , Jialing Chen , Yingying Cao , Wenna Zheng . A matrix metalloproteinase-sensitive hydrogel combined with photothermal therapy for transdermal delivery of deferoxamine to accelerate diabetic pressure ulcer healing. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(12): 110283-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110283
13. [13]
  Yue Ren , Kang Li , Yi-Zi Wang , Shao-Peng Zhao , Shu-Min Pan , Haojie Fu , Mengfan Jing , Yaming Wang , Fengyuan Yang , Chuntai Liu . Swelling and erosion assisted sustained release of tea polyphenol from antibacterial ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene for joint replacement. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(2): 110468-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110468
14. [14]
  Yupeng Liu , Hui Wang , Songnan Qu . Review on near-infrared absorbing/emissive carbon dots: From preparation to multi-functional application. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(5): 110618-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110618
15. [15]
  Yihao Zhang , Yang Jiao , Xianchao Jia , Qiaojia Guo , Chunying Duan . Highly effective self-assembled porphyrin MOCs nanomaterials for enhanced photodynamic therapy in tumor. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(5): 108748-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108748
16. [16]
  Yu Qin , Mingyang Huang , Chenlu Huang , Hannah L. Perry , Linhua Zhang , Dunwan Zhu . O₂-generating multifunctional polymeric micelles for highly efficient and selective photodynamic-photothermal therapy in melanoma. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(7): 109171-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109171
17. [17]
  Wenkai Liu , Yanxian Hou , Weijian Liu , Ran Wang , Shan He , Xiang Xia , Chengyuan Lv , Hua Gu , Qichao Yao , Qingze Pan , Zehou Su , Danhong Zhou , Wen Sun , Jiangli Fan , Xiaojun Peng . Se-substituted pentamethine cyanine for anticancer photodynamic therapy mediated using the hot band absorption process. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(12): 109631-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109631
18. [18]
  Liangliang Jia , Ye Hong , Xinyu He , Ying Zhou , Liujiao Ren , Hongjun Du , Bin Zhao , Bin Qin , Zhe Yang , Di Gao . Fighting hypoxia to improve photodynamic therapy-driven immunotherapy: Alleviating, exploiting and disregarding. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(2): 109957-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109957
19. [19]
  Baoli Yin , Xinlin Liu , Zhe Li , Zhifei Ye , Youjuan Wang , Xia Yin , Sulai Liu , Guosheng Song , Shuangyan Huan , Xiao-Bing Zhang . Ratiometric NIR-Ⅱ fluorescent organic nanoprobe for imaging and monitoring tumor-activated photodynamic therapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(5): 110119-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110119
20. [20]
  Leichen Wang , Anqing Mei , Na Li , Xiaohong Ruan , Xu Sun , Yu Cai , Jinjun Shao , Xiaochen Dong . Aza-BODIPY dye with unexpected bromination and high singlet oxygen quantum yield for photoacoustic imaging-guided synergetic photodynamic/photothermal therapy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(6): 108974-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108974

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(2)
Abstract views(355)
HTML views(5)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142