利用乙二胺-水蒸汽进行气相转化（VPT）制备超薄、取向MFI沸石膜，通过将MFI纳米片沉积层转化为致密的沸石膜，实现了膜厚度的有效控制。扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射表明，制备的沸石膜膜厚度约为280 nm，具有高度b轴取向的致密结构。丁烷异构体双组分分离测试结果表明，在333 K下，等物质的量的正丁烷/异丁烷混合物的正丁烷渗透速率和分离因子分别为1.5×10^-7 mol·m^-2·s^-1·Pa^-1和14.8。Na₂SiO₃作为低聚硅源在MFI沸石纳米片二次生长过程中能够提供硅源和碱度，通过在胺类蒸汽中实现MFI沸石纳米片间的融合生长，进一步提高了膜的取向度和致密性。

采用原位聚合法制备了氯氧化铋(BiOCl)与聚苯胺(PANI)复合的Ⅱ型异质结光催化剂BiOCl/PANI，并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和N2吸附-脱附测试等多种技术手段对其进行了表征，考察了BiOCl/PANI在模拟可见光下对罗丹明B (RhB)的光催化降解性能。实验结果表明：BiOCl/PANI催化剂比PANI和BiOCl具有更高的光催化活性，在RhB质量浓度为50 mg·L^-1、PANI与BiOCl的物质的量之比为0.02∶1、50 mg·L^-1的催化剂条件下，所制备的BiOCl/PANI光催化150 min后，RhB降解率为98.8%，速率常数为0.031 min^-1；经过4次循环实验后，RhB降解率从98.8%降低至98.4%，表现出良好的稳定性和可重复利用性。光催化剂BiOCl/PANI实现了电子和空穴对的快速分离，降低了二者在催化剂内部的复合速率，提高了光催化性能。

以硼酸与苯甲酸(BZA)为原材料，通过一步热解法合成了B掺杂的长余辉室温磷光碳量子点(B-CQDs-BZA)。采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、紫外可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱与荧光/磷光发射光谱对B-CQDs- BZA的形貌、结构及发光性能进行表征。结果显示，合成的B-CQDs-BZA主要是由无定形碳构成的尺寸介于2.0~4.5 nm之间的零维碳量子点。B-CQDs-BZA经254与302 nm的紫外光照射后，可呈现出长达20 s的蓝色室温磷光，经测试其磷光寿命长达2.09 s。该方法简单、快速且具有普遍适用性，使用多种原材料均可合成长余辉室温磷光CQDs。基于B-CQDs-BZA卓越的室温磷光发光寿命，我们将B-CQDs-BZA成功应用于时间分辨防伪技术。另外，根据水分子对B-CQDs-BZA的猝灭效应，将其制作成湿度试纸，用来检测环境空气的湿度。

A simple two-step hydrothermal method synthesized four different CdS/Fe₃O₄ photocatalysts with varying ratios of mass of CdS to Fe₃O₄. The composition and morphology of the prepared samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Solid UV reflectance spectra testing found that CdS/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites had good light absorption throughout the spectral range, promoting their photocatalytic properties. Under visible light irradiation, CdS/Fe₃O₄ (2:5) with a mass ratio of 2:5 exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance, with a degradation rate of 98.8% for rhodamine B. Furthermore, after five cycles of photocatalytic degradation reaction, the rhodamine B degradation rate remained at 96.2%, indicating that the photocatalysts have good photocatalytic stability.

A flower-like BiOBr photocatalyst (CS/BiOBr) was prepared by using the carbon material derived from corn straw (CS) as the carrier. The prepared composites were characterized by X - ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FIIR) spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X - ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS). The SEM analyses indicate that the introduction of CS promotes the formation of a unique flower-like structure in BiOBr, which not only optimizes the efficiency of light capture but also increases the specific surface area of BiOBr. The bandgap of the composite was narrower compared with the pure BiOBr. The CS/BiOBr composites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than pure CS and BiOBr under visible light irradiation, and a higher first-order reaction rate constant (k) of 0.043 7 min^-1 than BiOBr (0.014 6 min^-1), and exhibited excellent stability and reusability during the cyclic run. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the efficient separation of photoinduced electrons and holes. Superoxide radicals and holes were the major active species.

苯(C₆H₆)与二十面体硼烷(B₁₂H₁₂^2-)是具有π-和σ-芳香性分子的典型代表。本实验采用密度泛函理论(DFT)分别计算二者的分子轨道图及核独立化学位移值，引导学生了解计算化学研究芳香性的一般方法，构建对电子离域结构的直观认知。通过对比分析，帮助学生加深对芳香性的理解，达到巩固基础，拓宽视野，提升创新技能的目的。实验普适性好，易于推广。

使用多齿希夫碱配体H₄L(H₄L=N'，N″-((1E，1'E)-(1，10-菲咯啉-2，9-二酰基)双(亚甲基)双(2-羟基苯甲酰肼))与Tb(acac)₃·2H₂O反应(acac^-=乙酰丙酮根)，通过溶剂热法，设计并合成了一例结构新颖的双核铽配合物[Tb₂(L)(H₂L)]·2CH₃OH·CH₃CN (1)，并研究了该配合物的结构、荧光性质及生物活性。单晶X射线衍射分析表明该配合物主要含有2个Tb^Ⅲ离子和2个失去不同质子的配体离子(L^4-和H₂L^2-)。中心Tb1和Tb2离子都是九配位的，其几何构型呈现扭曲的呼啦圈形。固体荧光实验测试结果表明：该配合物在室温下表现出Tb^Ⅲ离子的荧光特征发射峰。生物活性研究表明，与配体H₄L和稀土离子相比较，配合物具有更强的抗菌活性。采用紫外可见光谱法、循环伏安法、凝胶电泳法和荧光光谱法研究了该配合物与小牛胸腺DNA之间的相互作用，结果表明配合物主要以插入作用的方式与小牛胸腺DNA结合。

Three new copper(Ⅱ) complexes 1-3 of Schiff base ligands HL¹ (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde2-(2-oxo-1, 2-diphenylethylidene)hydrazone), HL² (4-hydroxybenzaldehyde2-(2-oxo-1, 2-diphenylethylidene)hydrazone) and L³ (2-methoxybenzaldehyde2-(2-oxo-1, 2-diphenylethylidene)hydrazone) were synthesized from methanolic medium. The complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, spectroscopic methods, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and density functional theory (DFT) studies. The synthesized ligands were characterized structurally by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The optimized structure of the complexes was ascertained by DFT studies. The DNA binding ability of the complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) was studied by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectral studies. Absorption spectral studies revealed a hyperchromic effect and suggested the possible mode of interaction with CT-DNA. The competitive binding studies using ethidium bromide (EB) show that the complexes can replace DNA from DNA-EB adduct and suggests that the complexes probably bind to CT-DNA in intercalative mode. In vitro antibacterial activity of the complexes against Gram-negative bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Escherichia coli(E. coli), and Shigella boydii (S. boydii), and gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) exhibited an appreciable antibacterial activity of complex 2 against K. pneumoniae and S. boydii, but complexes 1 and 3 did not show any significant antibacterial activity.

通过在CsPbBr₃薄膜上旋涂一次I₂的异丙醇溶液以修饰CsPbBr₃吸光层，钝化CsPbBr₃层表面缺陷，改善CsPbBr₃薄膜形貌。同时通过利用环境友好的绿色溶剂水溶解CsBr，显著提高了其溶解度，减少了旋涂次数，简化了电池制备流程。实验结果表明，在CsPbBr₃钙钛矿太阳能电池(perovskite solar cells，PSCs)中，使用5 mg·mL^-1 I₂的异丙醇溶液界面修饰的器件具有最佳光伏性能，其最高开路电压(open-circuit voltage，V_OC)为1.55 V，短路电流密度(short circuit current density，J_SC)为7.45 mA·cm^-2，填充因子(fill factor，FF)为85.54%，光电转换效率(photoelectric conversion efficiency，PCE)达到了9.88%。

缓冲容量是分析化学重要内容。目前教材中缓冲容量计算没有考虑缓冲溶液与样品溶液混合时体积的变化，这种不考虑体积变化的缓冲容量被称为“静态”缓冲容量。而在实际应用中，往往缓冲溶液与样品溶液混合后的体积远远大于缓冲溶液的原始体积，此时需要考虑“动态”缓冲溶液。这里提出了一种“动态”缓冲容量问题的“去公式化”解决方案，它完全基于学科思想的底层逻辑，不会增加学生学习的记忆负担。