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Citation: Tong-Chao LIU, Feng PAN, Khalil AMINE. Prospect and Reality of Concentration Gradient Cathode of Lithium-ion Batteries[J]. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry, ;2020, 39(1): 11-15. doi: 10.14102/j.cnki.0254-5861.2011-2717 shu

Prospect and Reality of Concentration Gradient Cathode of Lithium-ion Batteries

  • a.

    Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA

  • b.

    School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China

  • c.

    Material Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

Figures(3)

  • Li[NixMnyCoz]O2 cathodes are currently the most practicable materials in the timing of developing high-performance rechargeable batteries for next-generation technologies. With the ever-growing demand for energy density, a significant breakthrough has been achieved by the controllable concentration design forming core-shell and concentration gradient structures to push Li[NixCoyMnz]O2 toward higher energy density, longer lifetime and safety. Herein, we review the recent progress on advanced concentration gradient cathode materials. Furthermore, we prospect that this novel approach will continuously extend its advantages in developing extremely fast charging and Co-free cathode materials in the near future.

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      Liu, T. C.; Lin, L. P.; Bi, X. X.; Tian, L. L.; Yang, K.; Liu, J. J.; Li, M. F.; Chen, Z. H.; Lu, J.; Amine, K.; Xu, K.; Pan, F. In situ quantification of interphasial chemistry in Li-ion battery. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2019, 14, 50–56.  doi: 10.1038/s41565-018-0284-y

    3. [3]

      Liu, T.; Dai, A.; Lu, J.; Yuan, Y.; Xiao, Y.; Yu, L.; Li, M.; Gim, J.; Ma, L.; Liu, J.; Zhan, C.; Li, L.; Zheng, J.; Ren, Y.; Wu, T.; Shahbazian-Yassar, R.; Wen, J.; Pan, F.; Amine, K. Correlation between manganese dissolution and dynamic phase stability in spinel-based lithium-ion battery. Nat. Commun. 2019, 10, 4721–4732.  doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12626-3

    4. [4]

      Zheng, J.; Ye, Y.; Liu, T.; Xiao, Y.; Wang, C.; Wang, F.; Pan, F. Ni/Li disordering in layered transition metal oxide: electrochemical impact, origin, and control. Acc. Chem. Res. 2019, 52, 2201–2209.  doi: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00033

    5. [5]

      Zheng, J.; Liu, T.; Hu, Z.; Wei, Y.; Song, X.; Ren, Y.; Wang, W.; Rao, M.; Lin, Y.; Chen, Z.; Lu, J.; Wang, C.; Amine, K.; Pan, F. Tuning of thermal stability in layered Li(NixMnyCoz)O2. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, 13326–13334.  doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b07771

    6. [6]

      Noh, H. J.; Youn, S.; Yoon, C. S.; Sun, Y. K. Comparison of the structural and electrochemical properties of layered Li[NixCoyMnz]O2 (x = 1/3, 0. 5, 0. 6, 0. 7, 0. 8 and 0. 85) cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. J. Power Sources 2013, 233, 121–130.  doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.01.063

    7. [7]

      Myung, S. T.; Maglia, F.; Park, K. J.; Yoon, C. S.; Lamp, P.; Kim, S. J.; Sun, Y. K. Nickel-rich layered cathode materials for automotive lithium-ion batteries: achievements and perspectives. ACS Energy Lett. 2016, 2, 196–223.

    8. [8]

      Sun, Y. K.; Myung, S. T.; Park, B. C.; Prakash, J.; Belharouak, I.; Amine, K. High-energy cathode material for long-life and safe lithium batteries. Nat. Mater. 2009, 8, 320–324.  doi: 10.1038/nmat2418

    9. [9]

      Kong, D.; Hu, J.; Chen, Z.; Song, K.; Li, C.; Weng, M.; Li, M.; Wang, R.; Liu, T.; Liu, J.; Zhang, M.; Xiao, Y.; Pan, F. Ti-gradient doping to stabilize layered surface structure for high performance high-Ni oxide cathode of Li-ion battery. Adv. Energy Mater. 2019, 9, 1901756.  doi: 10.1002/aenm.201901756

    10. [10]

      Sun, Y. K.; Chen, Z. H.; Noh, H. J.; Lee, D. J.; Jung, H. G.; Ren, Y.; Wang, S.; Yoon, C. S.; Myung, S. T.; Amine, K. Nanostructured high-energy cathode materials for advanced lithium batteries. Nat. Mater. 2012, 11, 942–947.  doi: 10.1038/nmat3435

    11. [11]

      Sun, Y. K.; Myung, S. T.; Kim, M. H.; Prakash, J.; Amine, K. Synthesis and characterization of Li[(Ni0. 8Co0. 1Mn0. 1)0. 8(Ni0. 5Mn0. 5)0. 2]O2 with the microscale core-shell structure as the positive electrode material for lithium batteries. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 13411–13418.  doi: 10.1021/ja053675g

    12. [12]

      Lim, B. B.; Yoon, S. J.; Park, K. J.; Yoon, C. S.; Kim, S. J.; Lee, J. J.; Sun, Y. K. Advanced concentration gradient cathode material with two-slope for high-energy and safe lithium batteries. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2015, 25, 4673–4680.  doi: 10.1002/adfm.201501430

    13. [13]

      Lee, J. H.; Yoon, C. S.; Hwang, J. Y.; Kim, S. J.; Maglia, F.; Lamp, P.; Myung, S. T.; Sun, Y. K. High-energy-density lithium-ion battery using a carbon-nanotube–Si composite anode and a compositionally graded Li[Ni0. 85Co0. 05Mn0. 10]O2 cathode. Energy Environ. Sci. 2016, 9, 2152–2158.  doi: 10.1039/C6EE01134A

    14. [14]

      Lim, B. B.; Myung, S. T.; Yoon, C. S.; Sun, Y. K. Comparative study of Ni-rich layered cathodes for rechargeable lithium batteries: Li[Ni0.85Co0.11Al0. 04]O2 and Li[Ni0. 84Co0. 06Mn0. 09Al0. 01]O2 with two-step full concentration gradients. ACS Energy Lett. 2016, 1, 283–289.  doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00150

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