分析化学中成组数据<i>t</i>检验法的教学辨析——以湖水表层与底层氯离子含量分析为例

引用本文: 赵欣悦, 王敏. 分析化学中成组数据t检验法的教学辨析——以湖水表层与底层氯离子含量分析为例[J]. 大学化学, 2026, 41(3): 227-232. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202511022 shu

Citation: Xinyue Zhao, Min Wang. Teaching Differentiation of t-Test for Grouped Data in Analytical Chemistry: A Case Study of Chloride Concentration in Surface vs. Bottom Lake Water[J]. University Chemistry, 2026, 41(3): 227-232. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202511022 shu

分析化学中成组数据t检验法的教学辨析——以湖水表层与底层氯离子含量分析为例

赵欣悦 ^1, ,
王敏 ^{2,
,}

1.
浙江大学竺可桢学院, 杭州 310058;
2.
浙江大学化学系, 杭州 310058

通讯作者: 王敏,E-mail:minwang@zju.edu.cn

基金项目:
浙江省“十四五”第二批本科省级教学改革项目(JGBA2024832)；2025 年度全国教育科学规划教育部青年项目(EIA250445)

摘要: 在基础分析化学教学中，假设检验是培养学生数据处理能力与统计思维的核心内容。然而，当前教材普遍侧重独立样本t检验，忽视配对样本t检验的系统介绍，导致学生在面对成组数据比较时易误用检验方法，影响了对分析结果可靠性的判断。本文以“湖水表层与底层氯离子含量比较”这一环境分析典型案例为切入点，系统对比独立t检验与配对t检验的原理、适用条件及计算过程，阐明其统计本质差异与选择依据。旨在弥补现有教材在t检验方法选择上的教学空白，帮助学生准确理解并区分应用场景，强化科学决策意识。本案例可作为教学资源融入课堂教学、课外补充或实验预习环节，为后续专业学习与科研训练提供支持。

关键词:

English

Teaching Differentiation of t-Test for Grouped Data in Analytical Chemistry: A Case Study of Chloride Concentration in Surface vs. Bottom Lake Water

Xinyue Zhao ^1, ,
Min Wang ^{2,
,}

1.
Chu Kochen Honors College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
2.
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China

Corresponding author: Min Wang, minwang@zju.edu.cn

Received Date: 03 November 2025
Accepted Date: 19 December 2025
Available Online: 02 February 2026

Abstract: Hypothesis testing serves as a fundamental component in analytical chemistry education for developing students' data processing skills and statistical reasoning. However, current textbooks predominantly emphasize independent two-sample t-tests while providing inadequate systematic coverage of paired t-tests. This pedagogical gap often leads to students' inappropriate application of statistical methods when analyzing grouped data, ultimately affecting their judgment of analytical result reliability. Using the classic environmental analysis case of comparing chloride concentrations between surface and bottom lake water, this study systematically contrasts the principles, application conditions, and computational procedures of independent versus paired t-tests. By clarifying their fundamental statistical differences and selection criteria, we aim to address this common deficiency in teaching materials. The case study facilitates students' accurate understanding and proper differentiation of these test applications while strengthening their scientific decision-making skills. This teaching resource can be effectively incorporated into classroom instruction, supplementary materials, or laboratory preparation to support subsequent specialized study and research training.

Key words:

1. [1]
  沈嘉玮, 王敏. 大学化学, 2023, 38 (5), 296.
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  Skoog, D. A.; West, D. M.; Holler, F. J.; Crouch, S. R. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 9th ed.; Brooks/Cole: Belmont, CA, USA, 2013: 151.Skoog, D. A.; West, D. M.; Holler, F. J.; Crouch, S. R. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 9th ed.; Brooks/Cole: Belmont, CA, USA, 2013: 151.
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  Harris, D. C. Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 9th ed.; W. H. Freeman & Company: New York, NY, USA, 2016: 76.Harris, D. C. Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 9th ed.; W. H. Freeman & Company: New York, NY, USA, 2016: 76.
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  Christian, G. D.; Dasgupta, P. K.; Schug, K. A. Analytical Chemistry, 7th ed.; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2014: 93-94.Christian, G. D.; Dasgupta, P. K.; Schug, K. A. Analytical Chemistry, 7th ed.; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2014: 93-94.
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  Shen, J. W.; Li, T. T.; Wang, M.; Yao, B. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 2022, 357, 131364.Shen, J. W.; Li, T. T.; Wang, M.; Yao, B. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 2022, 357, 131364.

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

分析化学中成组数据t检验法的教学辨析——以湖水表层与底层氯离子含量分析为例

通讯作者: 王敏,E-mail:minwang@zju.edu.cn

English

Teaching Differentiation of t-Test for Grouped Data in Analytical Chemistry: A Case Study of Chloride Concentration in Surface vs. Bottom Lake Water

Corresponding author: Min Wang, minwang@zju.edu.cn

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

中国化学会秘书处

分析化学中成组数据t检验法的教学辨析——以湖水表层与底层氯离子含量分析为例

通讯作者: 王敏,E-mail:minwang@zju.edu.cn

English

Teaching Differentiation of t-Test for Grouped Data in Analytical Chemistry: A Case Study of Chloride Concentration in Surface vs. Bottom Lake Water

Corresponding author: Min Wang, minwang@zju.edu.cn

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

CCS Chemistry：颜徐州、鲍哲南： 你的皮肤可能是一片SPMs

CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

CCS Chemistry：静电组装导向聚合- 聚电解质纳米凝胶量化制备新策略

CCS Chemistry：金黄色葡萄球菌醛基脱氢酶是如何识别特异性底物的？

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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